Another reason is that network measurements are badly affected by inflated latency and indirect routes. Some hosts are stable and with public geographical location information, such as servers in colleges and organizations. Depending on the user, IP addresses play different roles in the network. The efficiency of IP geolocation is constrained by two main reasons. Geographical position is estimated by a reasonable model based on landmarks and constraints calculated by step 2 and 3. They can be extracted by data clustering ( Padmanabhan and Subramanian 2001), network measurements ( Gueye et al. The proportion of landmarks to the total IP address space is small, so most nodes need to be located by geographical constraints. Network measurement aims to infer geographical relationships between nodes. looking glasses) and passive landmarks that are visible by network measurement tools.Ĭonstraint calculation. There are two kinds of landmarks, vantage points that can be controlled (e.g. These data are processed into two datasets: landmarks and constraints. Information from different sources varies in format. Hosts with accurate geographical location are considered to be ground truths.ĭata cleaning. 2009) and online map services ( Wang et al. There exists numerous web landmarks crawled from web pages ( Guo et al. 2005) and PingER ( Matthews and Cottrell 2000). Open source landmarks can be collected from PlanetLab nodes ( Klingaman et al. 2005 Route Server 2009) from public routers. 2015) maintained by Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) and routing tables ( Meyer and et al.
#Real time ip locator registration#
Domain Name System (DNS) records ( Padmanabhan and Subramanian 2001) from public DNS servers, Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) databases ( Newton et al. Records maintained by official organizations are ground truths for IP geolocation, e.g. Based on web data mining techniques, one can gather location-aware information from different data sources on the Internet. In general, IP geolocation methods locate a host with following procedures:ĭata collection.
While there is no direct relationship between geographical location and IP address, locating a host by its IP is a challenging problem. location-aware content delivery, target advertising, online fraud detection, load balancing, device protecting, attack tracing, etc. Location-aware applications are widely used in business, science and information security, e.g. Determining the geographical location of an Internet host is valuable for many applications, especially those of the Internet of Things. On the contrary, the Internet of Things expose devices’ physical information to peers on the Internet, which may cause security risks. Online devices are represented by IP addresses since network layer, which means devices can contact peer without constraints of physical world. IP geolocation aims to determine the geographical location of an Internet host by its IP address ( Muir and Oorschot 2009). At the end of this paper, we discuss the reason of the efficiency of our method and our future research. We manage to improve the geolocation accuracy and decrease the maximum geolocation error compared to one of the state-of-the-art geolocation methods. We locate the accurate positions of common routers and convert them as secondary landmarks to help improve the feasibility of our geolocation system in areas that landmarks are sparsely distributed. We use statistical learning to study localized (delay, hop)-distance correlation and locate these common routers. We search plenty of common routers by topology discovery among web server landmarks. In this paper, we propose a novel geolocation approach that is based on common routers as secondary landmarks (Common Routers-based Geolocation, CRG). Most geolocation methods cannot resolve the geolocation accuracy for those devices with few landmarks around. It has gained much more attentions in these years since more and more physical devices are connected to cyberspace. IP geolocation is widely used by target advertising, online fraud detection, cyber-attacks attribution and so on. IP geolocation determines geographical location by the IP address of Internet hosts.
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